python之如果特定列不唯一，则拒绝 POST 请求

如果以下项目:'email'、'youtube_channel_username'、'youtube_channel_url'、'youtube_channel_title' 已存在，我如何防止保存 POST 请求数据库？实际上，我想添加一个验证步骤，以确保用户尝试发布的内容对于上述内容是唯一的。理想情况下，服务器应向用户发回一条错误消息，通知他们他们的请求因任何原因而失败。

到目前为止，这是我的代码。我不确定在哪里添加此功能，所以我希望得到一些帮助!

序列化器.py

class CreatorSignupSerializer(serializers.Serializer): 
    """ 
    Create Creator profile 
    """ 
    first_name = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    last_name = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    email = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    youtube_channel_username = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    youtube_channel_url = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    youtube_channel_title = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    youtube_channel_description = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    photo = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    youtube_channel_start_date = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    keywords = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    no_of_subscribers = serializers.IntegerField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    no_of_videos = serializers.IntegerField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    no_of_views = serializers.IntegerField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    no_of_likes = serializers.IntegerField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    no_of_dislikes = serializers.IntegerField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    location = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    avg_views = serializers.IntegerField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    gender = serializers.IntegerField(required=True, write_only=True) 
    password = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True) 
 
    class Meta: 
        model = Creator 
        fields = ( 
            'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'youtube_channel_username', 'youtube_channel_url', 
            'youtube_channel_title', 'youtube_channel_description', 'photo', 'youtube_channel_start_date', 'keywords', 
            'no_of_subscribers', 'no_of_videos', 'no_of_views', 'no_of_dislikes', 'no_of_likes' 'location', 'avg_views', 
            'gender', 'password', 
        ) 
        read_only_fields = 'id' 
 
    def create(self, validated_data): 
        creator = Creator.objects.create(**validated_data) 
        creator.save() 
        return creator 
 
    def update(self, instance, validated_data): 
        pass 

views.py

class CreatorSignup(generics.CreateAPIView): 
    """ 
    Creator signup 
    HTTP POST 
    """ 
    queryset = Creator.objects.all() 
    serializer_class = CreatorSignupSerializer 
 
    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): 
        return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs) 
 
    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs): 
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data) 
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True) 
        return Response(data=serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED) 

请您参考如下方法:

您可以非常轻松地在模型级别实现独特的验证。您只需覆盖 save 即可调用 full_clean 方法(如果您在模型级别有​​任何其他验证)。此外，请注意，它会抛出 django.exceptions.ValidationError 并且您可以配置 DRF 以捕获 django.exceptions.ValidationError 并将其转换为 rest_framework.exceptions .ValidationError 然后 DRF 会自动发回 400 的良好错误消息。

# models.py 
class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin): 
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=255, unique=True)  # NOTE unique=True 
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) 
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) 
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=20) 
 
    def save(self, *args, **kwargs): 
        self.full_clean() 
        return super().save(*args, **kwargs)